Polymorphism

Polymorphism is one of the pillars of C# Object Oriented Language. Poly means many and morphism means forms, it means having many forms.
In real life, how a kid behaves like a student in school and the same kid behaves like a son or daughter to his or her parents and the same behaves as a grandson or granddaughter to his or her grandparents.

Similarly, in an object-oriented programming language, the same method behaves in many forms based on the usage. It is mostly used during inheritance as there are classes related to each other.

We can divide mainly into 2 types:

- Compile Time Polymorphism

- Run Time Polymorphism

Compile Time Polymorphism:

This is called function overloading, in this case, there are functions more than one having the same name but with different parameters. Here the compiler can understand
which function is going to execute based on the function call signature. As it is happening at compile-time, it is called Compile Time Polymorphism.

Example 1: A simple example without inheritance.

using System;
namespace SampleProgram {
class MySample {
public void Greet() {
Console.WriteLine("Hello !");
}
public void Greet(string info) {
Console.WriteLine("$Hello {
info
}");
}
public static void Main(string[] args) {
MySample obj = new MySample();

obj.Greet();
obj.Greet(“Kranthi ! ”);
}
}
}

The output will be:

Hello!
Hello Kranthi!

Example 2: An Example with inheritance.

using System;
namespace SampleProgram {
class Dad {
public void Greet() {
Console.WriteLine( "Hello ! Dad here ! ");
}
}
class Son: Dad {
public void Greet() {
Console.WriteLine("Hello ! Son here !");
}
static void Main(string[] args) {
//Dad object
Dad objDad = new Dad();
//Son object, dad type.
Dad objSon = new Son();
objDad.Greet();
objSon.Greet();
}

}
}

The output will be:

Hello! Dad here!
Hello! Dad here!

Run Time Polymorphism:

This is called function overriding, in this case, there are functions more than one having the same name and same parameters but uses virtual and override keywords. Here the compiler cannot understand which function is going to execute until execution (runtime). As it is happening at run time, it is called Run Time Polymorphism. Runtime polymorphism can happen only during inheritance.

Example 3: An Example with inheritance using virtual in parent and override in child class to override the
parent class method behavior.

using System;
namespace SampleProgram {
class Dad {
public virtual Greet() {
Console.WriteLine( " Hello ! Dad here !");
}
}
class Son: Dad {
public override Greet() {
Console.WriteLine( "Hello ! Son here !");
}
static void Main(string[] args) {
//Dad object
Dad objDad = new Dad();

//Son object, dad type.
Dad objSon = new Son();
objDad.Greet();
objSon.Greet();
}
}
}

The output will be:

Hello! Dad here!
Hello! Son here!

Polymorphism

Compile Time Polymorphism:

Run Time Polymorphism:

Related Tutorials

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Polymorphism

Compile Time Polymorphism:

Run Time Polymorphism:

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